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Alister Murdoch
Air Marshal Sir Alister Murray Murdoch, KBE, CB (9 December 1912 – 29 November 1984) was a senior commander in the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF). He served as Chief of the Air Staff (CAS) from 1965 to 1969. Joining the Air Force in 1930, Murdoch trained as a seaplane pilot, and participated in an Antarctic rescue mission for lost explorers in 1935. During World War II, he commanded No. 221 Squadron RAF in Europe and the Middle East, and later occupied senior positions on the staff of RAAF formations in the South West Pacific. His post-war appointments included Commandant of RAAF College from 1952 to 1953, Air Officer Commanding (AOC) Training Command from 1953 to 1955, Deputy Chief of the Air Staff from 1958 to 1959, and AOC Operational Command from 1962 to 1965.
As AOC Training Command in 1954, Murdoch headed a program to determine aircraft purchases for the RAAF; his recommendations included the C-130 Hercules transport, considered one of the most important acquisitions in the Air Force's history. His term as CAS coincided with increased commitment to the Vietnam War, and he came into conflict with Australian Army commanders over the employment of helicopters in battle. He was also involved in assessing the readiness of the General Dynamics F-111C for RAAF service. Appointed a Companion of the Order of the Bath in 1960 and Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire in 1966, Murdoch was the fourth in a series of CASs who had been cadets at the Royal Military College, Duntroon. He retired from the Air Force in December 1969, and died in 1984.
==Early career==
Alister Murdoch was born on 9 December 1912 in Elsternwick, Victoria, the son of engineer Thomas Murdoch and his wife Kathleen. A lieutenant in the Commonwealth Military Forces at the time of Alister's birth, Thomas was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in World War I, and rose to the rank of brigardier as Director General of Engineer Services in World War II.〔Herington, (''Air War Against Germany and Italy'', p. 152 )〕 Educated at Caulfield Grammar School, Alister entered the Royal Military College, Duntroon, in 1929, following his elder brother Ian (later a major general).〔Dennis et al., ''The Oxford Companion to Australian Military History'', p. 412〕〔Stephens; Isaacs, ''High Fliers'', pp. 143–146〕 Alister was one of four cadets sponsored that year by the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), which did not at that stage have its own officer training college. Budgetary constraints imposed during the Great Depression necessitated the transfer of these cadets out of Duntroon midway through their four-year course.〔Coulthard-Clark, ''The Third Brother'', pp. 196–197〕〔Moore, ''Duntroon'', pp. 64–65〕 Although offered positions in the Australian Public Service or nominations for short-term commissions with the Royal Air Force, all were determined to serve with the RAAF and were more than pleased with the prospect of entering their chosen service early.〔
Murdoch enlisted in the Air Force on 10 December 1930, and completed his pilot training the following year.〔〔(Murdoch, Alister Murray ) at (World War 2 Nominal Roll ). Retrieved 22 April 2011.〕 He was commissioned in 1932 and later qualified as a flying instructor and seaplane pilot, undertaking navy cooperation and maritime patrol operations.〔〔 In December 1935, Flying Officer Murdoch was selected to join an RAAF rescue mission for explorer Lincoln Ellsworth and his pilot, Herbert Hollick-Kenyon, who were presumed lost while journeying across the Antarctic. Flying a de Havilland Gipsy Moth, Murdoch located Hollick-Kenyon near the Bay of Whales.〔Wilson, ''The Brotherhood of Airmen'', p. 44〕 Hollick-Kenyon led the search party to Ellsworth, who protested that he was not lost and did not need rescuing.〔Air Power Development Centre, "The RAAF in Antarctica"〕 Murdoch was posted to England in 1936–37 to undertake a course in long navigation at RAF Manston and serve on attachment with No. 114 Squadron.〔〔Coulthard-Clark, ''Air Marshals of the RAAF'', p. 7〕 Returning to Australia, he married Florence Miller on 27 December 1937; the couple had a daughter.〔〔Draper, ''Who's Who in Australia 1983'', p. 631〕 Murdoch spent the next two years on the staff of the Directorate of Operations and Intelligence at Air Force Headquarters, Melbourne.〔〔 In June 1938, he helped inaugurate RAAF instruction in long navigation, with a nine-month course in the discipline.〔Coulthard-Clark, ''The Third Brother'', p. 207〕
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